The Francophone Literary Movement (La Négritude)

La Nà ©gritude was a literary and ideological movement led by francophone black intellectuals, writers, and politicians. The founders of la Nà ©gritude, known as  les trois pà ¨res  (the three fathers), were originally from three different French colonies in Africa and the Caribbean but met while living in Paris in the early 1930s. Although each of the  pà ¨res  had different ideas about the purpose and styles of la Nà ©gritude, the movement is generally characterized by: Reaction to colonization: Denunciation of Europes lack of humanity, rejection of Western domination and ideasIdentity crisis: Acceptance of and pride in being black; valorization of African history, traditions, and beliefsVery realistic literary styleMarxist ideas Aimà © Cà ©saire A poet, playwright, and politician from Martinique, Aimà © Cà ©saire studied in Paris, where he discovered the black community and rediscovered Africa. He saw la Nà ©gritude as the fact of being black, acceptance of this fact, and appreciation of the history, culture, and destiny of black people. He sought to recognize the collective colonial experience of Blacks—the slave trade and plantation system—and attempted to redefine it. Cà ©saires ideology defined the early years of la Nà ©gritude. Là ©opold Sà ©dar Senghor Poet and first president of Sà ©nà ©gal, Là ©opold Sà ©dar Senghor used la Nà ©gritude to work toward a universal valuation of African people and their biological contributions. While advocating the expression and celebration of traditional African customs in spirit, he rejected a return to the old ways of doing things. This interpretation of la Nà ©gritude tended to be the most common, particularly in later years. Là ©on-Gontran Damas A French Guyanese poet and National Assembly member, Là ©on-Gontran Damas was the  enfant terrible  of la Nà ©gritude. His militant style of defending black qualities made it clear that he was not working toward any kind of reconciliation with the West. Participants, Sympathizers, Critics Frantz Fanon: Student of Cà ©saire, psychiatrist, and revolutionary theoretician, Frantz Fanon dismissed the Nà ©gritude movement as too simplistic.Jacques Roumain: Haitian writer and politician, founder of the Haitian Communist Party, published  La Revue indigà ¨ne  in an attempt to rediscover African authenticity in the Antilles.Jean-Paul Sartre: French philosoper and writer, Sartre assisted in the publication of the journal  Prà ©sence africaine  and wrote  Orphà ©e noire, which helped to introduce Nà ©gritude issues to French intellectuals.Wole Soyinka: Nigerian dramatist, poet, and novelist opposed to la Nà ©gritude, believing that by deliberately and outspokenly taking pride in their color, black people were automatically on the defensive:  « Un tigre ne proclà ¢me pas sa tigritude, il saute sur sa proie  » (A tiger doesnt proclaim its tigerness; it jumps on its prey).Mongo Bà ©tiAlioune DiopCheikh Hamadou Kane  Paul NigerOusmane Sembà ¨neGuy Tirollien

The Islam Way Of Life - 1073 Words

It all started in 622 CE in the Arabian Peninsula. Islam was developed in the Middle East in the 17th century. It was a worldwide power founded simply on faith. It is also a monotheistic religious tradition. A monotheistic religion is one that believes in only one God. The Islam way of life was founded on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. These teachings strived on the beliefs that there s no other God and also that Muhammad is the messenger of God. Muhammad was an ordinary man who had his profound vision that would someday change the world. Much of the information read about the profit comes from what has been preserved by the people. Muhammad was raised by his uncle due to the unfortunate passing of both parents. He was raised on strict morals that developed an honest and trustworthy young man. You could say he was a very well rounded individual. Muhammad was very religious and at the age of 40 received his first revelation from God. This revelation continued for about 23 years and is now known as the Quran. The Quran it s a religious text of Islam. It is believed, amongst the Muslim people, that the Quran is the most important miracle of Mohammed. For them this is validation and proof of his profited. Mohammed and his followers were not too accepted by the people of Mecca. The people began to resist and persecute those who were believers. Following the persecution was the birth of the migration to Medina. Muhammad and his followers were responsible for the spreadShow MoreRelatedIslam a Way of Life1159 Words   |  5 PagesIslam – The Complete Way of Life The essence of Islam is the very essence of humanity. Islam is a complete and comprehensive way of life. It leads to a balanced way of living. Islam brings civilization and happiness to man. Islamic principles and teachings can provide realistic, fair and objective solutions to the prevention of individual, familial, social and international problems which are threatening the existence of human communities throughout the world. People think that an Islamic lifeRead MoreIslam Is A System Of Religious Beliefs And An All Encompassing Way Of Life Essay2506 Words   |  11 PagesIslam is a system of religious beliefs and an all-encompassing way of life. Muslims believe that God (Allah) revealed to the Prophet Muhammad the rules governing society and the proper conduct of society s members. 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In order to develop as a system of faith, Islam borrowed ideas such as monotheism, an afterlife and many other concepts from the two prominent religions. Hence, Islam was revolutionary for the introduction of controversial values such as the rejection of Jesus Christ and its distinct differences in beliefs. Ever since its rise to popularity,Read MoreEssay on Islam The Straight Path989 Words   |  4 Pages Islam The Straight Path   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An evaluation of the book by John L. Esposito: Islam The Straight Path. In this book , Esposito provides a succinct, up-to-date survey of the Islamic experience, an introduction to the faith, belief, and practice of Islam from its origins to its contemporary resurgence. He traces the emergence and development of this dynamic faith and its impact on world history and politics. 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The ring of the phone made my head pound Free Essays

string(35) " plants at the bottom of the hill\." The ring of the phone made my head pound. I covered my ears as I walked towards the phone in a fragile manner. After a long night out in London, the sound of the phone was particularly what I wanted to hear. We will write a custom essay sample on The ring of the phone made my head pound or any similar topic only for you Order Now I scrambled over the edge of the sofa and clumsily grabbed the phone. â€Å"Hello?† I said sleepily. â€Å"Hi Chrissie, how are you? Feeling any better?† â€Å"Oh hi Will, I actually feel terrible, I could do with some fresh air.† â€Å"Good because I want to take you out somewhere, I haven’t seen you for ages!† He was right. It had probably been six weeks since we had seen each other properly, and he oldest and best friend. I asked him where he suggested we went. â€Å"I don’t know, maybe I’ll drive us out to my Aunt’s old cottage in the country. Get away from it all.† It definitely sounded appealing. I needed it and so did Will. He had left for America and had been gone for three long weeks. When he got back I was working and couldn’t meet him. Then I became ill. â€Å"You’re on!† I said excitedly. â€Å"Can’t wait, bye!† He sounded pleased. Those few precious moments I had with him were fantastic. We had so much fun. I sprung up and bounded into my bedroom. Five minutes later, I appeared, pulling on my jacket. I turned of the television. The buzzer rang. â€Å"Delivery,† giggled Will. â€Å"Come on up.† Will had always been a joker, ever since we were in our earliest school days. I opened the door and I was greeted by Will. A huge banana grin spread across his face, he had a glowing tan. He had one of those smiles that lit up the whole room. I shut the door and locked it behind me. When we got to the bottom of the stairs, he turned to face me and opened his arms; I threw mine around his neck. He buried his face in my hair, squeezing me tight. â€Å"Come on, we can catch up on the way.† The tone of his voice was a happy one. I hurried into his mini cooper. â€Å"It’s alright for some!† I thought to myself. I sat down and did up my seatbelt. â€Å"What have you been doing since the last time I saw you?† he asked, turning on the radio. â€Å"Not much because I’ve been off work, but Tom and I did go down to his mum’s for a couple of days, but that’s about it.† Will had always been uncomfortable about me and Tom. He thought that Tom wasn’t good enough for me. But he lived with it, after all he was my best friend. As my boyfriend, Tom thought that I spent too much time with Will. â€Å"What did you get up to in America?† I said, trying to change the subject. â€Å"Erm†¦,† he stalled for a moment. â€Å"I did lots of photo shoots and recorded and interview for a chat show.† There was silence. My life seemed so boring compared to his. He was always bounding off somewhere or another flash. â€Å"Do you know what?† I whispered. â€Å"What?† replied Will. â€Å"I want you to sing for me.† â€Å"Why?† said Will sounding rather shocked. â€Å"Because the last time you did we were about eighteen.† He turned up the car stereo and skipped to track fourteen and doing as he was told, he softly began to sing: â€Å"Cut to the chase, your pretty face, search outer space, leaving no trace.† I closed my eyes, tipped back my head and let the words wash over me, like waves onto the sand. At school everyone had nicknamed him Golden Tonsils, and now he fitted that name more than ever. As his voice faded I flicked my eyes back open and looked at him. â€Å"Let’s play a game!† he squealed with a childish glint in his eye. â€Å"Okay, let’s play name that tune, you start.† He began to hum. About an hour later we pulled up outside his Aunt’s old house. It was beautifully situated, at the top of a small hill. Will got out and opened the garden gate. I followed him round to the back of the house. I slumped into a patio chair. â€Å"We can eat our sandwiches and stuff here,† he said. â€Å"Okay, I’ll have chicken please!† Will walked off into the house to make lunch. Suddenly my phone began to buzz on the table. I picked it up and answered it. â€Å"Hello?† I asked. â€Å"Is Tom there?† said the voice. â€Å"No I’m sorry he’s not here at the moment, can I ask who’s calling?† â€Å"It’s Lucy, his girlfriend.† I froze in shock. â€Å"Alright I’ll tell him to call you.† The phone dropped from my grip and my eyes filled with tears. â€Å"What’s wrong?† questioned Will concerned, as he appeared in the doorway. â€Å"That was Lucy, Tom’s girlfriend,† I mumbled. â€Å"But what?† I broke down in tears. â€Å"Oh Chrissie,† he said coming over to me. He understood and knelt by me to put his arm round my shoulder. I felt safe in his arms, they formed a protective circle. â€Å"I should have listened to you Will, you were right all along.† â€Å"Shhhh, don’t say that,† he cooed. I sobbed, letting my head drop onto his shoulder. He lifted me up as though I was a feather and sat me on his lap. I cried for what seemed like hours. I was interrupted again by my phone ringing. I turned to look at it, it said: â€Å"Tom mobile.† Before I got chance to answer it Will cancelled the call. â€Å"I don’t want him to spoil our day,† he said firmly, â€Å"I’m glad you told me everything instead of bottling it all up.† â€Å"If you say so.† â€Å"Well what do you want to do?† â€Å"I want to roll around on the grass and get really mucky!† â€Å"You asked for it!† he yelled standing up and throwing me onto the grass. I screamed and tugged at his leg. He tumbled through the long grass, down the sloping garden. We landed in a patch of overgrown plants at the bottom of the hill. You read "The ring of the phone made my head pound" in category "Papers" As he turned around I grabbed a handful of mud and threw it straight at his face, it dripped down past his nose. He gasped and fell about laughing. The phone rang again. I had to answer it. â€Å"Hello,† I said slightly out of breath. â€Å"Chrissie, why did you hang up on me?† â€Å"Just leave me Tom,† my eyes filled again. Will grabbed the phone and hung up on him. Tears slipped down my cheeks and plopped onto the grass. â€Å"It’s alright Chrissie, you don’t need him, and I always knew he didn’t deserve you.† â€Å"I should have listened to you Will.† â€Å"It’s alright.† He encircled me with his arms again. After a short while he suggested I went to wash all the mud out of my hair. â€Å"There’s a shower in the main bathroom, you can use that, I’ll use the en suite.† I walked into the bathroom and turned on the shower. When I got out, my clothes were no where to be seen. I wrapped a towel around me and stepped out into the hall. I was face to face with Will. â€Å"Just thought I’d tell you that your clothes are in the washing machine, we’ll have to find you something to put on.† We scrambled through a wardrobe. There was one of his infamous sleeveless tops and some of his Aunt’s skirts. â€Å"Thanks,† I said waiting for him to leave. I got changed and walked into the kitchen. Will roared with laughter, the top almost reached my knees. â€Å"How can it be dark?† I asked sliding onto the worktop. â€Å"Well you were in there for half an hour! â€Å"You’re kidding!† I said, shocked. â€Å"Nope, do you want coffee?† â€Å"Yeah, sounds good.† I followed him with my steaming mug into the living room. We sat on the sofa and sipped our coffee. â€Å"Will, if you don’t mind me asking, did you meet anyone in America?† I asked cautiously. â€Å"Of course I don’t mind, I tell you anything and everything! There was one, but we just had a couple of drinks.† â€Å"What was she like?† I asked turning to face him. â€Å"She was really nice, I wish I got her address so I could write to her.† â€Å"Didn’t you even get her phone number?† Will was normally more organised than that, I was surprised. â€Å"No, I was going to get it but she had to work on the last day.† I felt sorry for him. â€Å"Anyway, tell me how the article went.† â€Å"Great, the editor loved it, I was really happy with it.† We fell into silence. He looked at me with sympathy in his eyes. We talked late into the night, until I drifted off. The crash of thunder echoed around my room. I sat bolt up right in bed. I gasped as the thunder struck again. I ran from my bed and opened the door. I knocked on the guest room door. â€Å"Come in,† whispered Will a few moments later. I tip toed in and stood at the side of his bed. â€Å"I’m scared of thunder,† I quivered. â€Å"Come in here,† he said lifting the covers back. I slid I and his put his arm around my shoulders. â€Å"You’re shaking! Why are you so scared of thunder?† he asked after pausing. â€Å"One summer when we were all on holiday abroad and I was only five, I was outside and it started raining. All I can remember is not being able to find my mum. It began to rain hard and I hid in a corner. The thunder was booming so a man took me to the rep. I was alone for hours and I was so scared that something had happened to my family.† The thunder clapped again, but louder. â€Å"I hate this,† I said over the roar of the thunder. â€Å"You need to ignore it.† â€Å"How can I do that?† â€Å"Close your eyes.† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Just do it,† he said gently. â€Å"Now you just need to calm down and relax.† He pushed my head back against the pillow. I felt his hand on my forehead as he massaged my temples. The thunder rumbled again but I didn’t jump as much. â€Å"That’s better, ignore it.† I yawned. â€Å"Go to sleep,† he whispered. It wasn’t that hard. As his lips pressed against mine I shivered. â€Å"What are you doing Will?† I asked as he kissed the side of my mouth. â€Å"Don’t you want this?† he asked. I felt intrigued. I nodded â€Å"Kiss me,† he whispered.† He didn’t waste a second before kissing me again†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Suddenly I was awake, sweating slightly. It had seemed so real, I couldn’t believe what had just happened. My feelings had been so muddled recently I didn’t know what to make of it. As the first beam of sunlight hit my face, I jumped up. It was Monday, work again. Will had already gone. I dressed quickly and grabbed my car keys and headed for the door. It had been mad couple of days. I arrived late so had to get straight to work. â€Å"Where are the questions I’m supposed to be asking that guy today?† I asked running clumsily through the office door. â€Å"Over in your tray.† â€Å"Right, thanks.† I picked them up. â€Å"Room two,† said someone walking past. I hadn’t really got over the shock of my dream. I pushed open the door and the guy stood with his back turned, having his make up done. â€Å"Typical,† I muttered under my breath. He turned around. It was Will! â€Å"Oh my Will, what are you doing here? I didn’t know it was you I was interviewing.† â€Å"Hello Chrissie.† I was not impressed. I looked at him and remembered why it felt weird. I blushed. â€Å"Um, do you want to sit down?† I asked, not taking my eyes off the paperwork in front of me. He nodded. His huge eyes sparkled and he was smiling slightly. I had butterflies. He sat down in a large chair in front of me. â€Å"So, Will, what’s the title of your new album?† â€Å"It’s called ‘From Now On’.† I wrote down every word he said. â€Å"What’s your favourite song on it?† I asked still not taking my eyes off the paper in front of me. A door somewhere clicked, and closed. I could sense we were alone. â€Å"When is it released?† he sighed. â€Å"Chrissie look at me.† I didn’t. His finger slid under my chin and he pulled my face up to look at him. â€Å"What’s this all about? Why are you acting strangely?† â€Å"Nothing,† I said, but my voice shook. He was beautiful in the dim light of the room. â€Å"Chrissie, what’s wrong,† he repeated quietly ad I stared at the floor. â€Å"Answer,† he started But I silenced him with a finger to his lips. I put my head forward and captured his lips in mine. My eyes fluttered closed as I kissed him gently. I thought: what am I doing? This could ruin everything. I wondered whether to tell him about my dream. It might unnerve him to discover that his best friend could quite possibly be in love with him. â€Å"Will.† I managed to look him in the eye. â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"I’ve got something to I think you ought to know,† I said nervously. I took a deep breath. â€Å"After some of the awful experiences I’ve had in relationships recently, it made think†¦.† â€Å"Go on,† he said cautiously. â€Å"I think, no I know that I want you.† He looked away, and seemed confused. My heart sank. I knew I would regret telling him because I could now loose him as a friend. â€Å"I’m sorry, I was crazy to ever think you would feel the same.† â€Å"Well as it happens I’ve got something to tell you too Chrissie. I wanted to tell you before but I thought it would break you.† I felt awkward and tense, wondering what he had to tell me. Whatever he was going to say, looked like it was going to be bad news now. â€Å"While I was over in the States, they offered me a fantastic contract; working over there with a fantastic manager and a tour of my own. It’s always been my dream to break America. But I came back here to think it through before making any decisions. It’s such a huge step to take, to move away from all my friends and family because it means living there for three years.† â€Å"Oh.† I was so sure he’d take it. â€Å"I’ve thought long and hard about it and I’ve decided that I’m going to do it, it’s a once in a lifetime opportunity.† I felt myself well up. Not only had I ruined my friendship with my best friend but I wouldn’t see him for three years. â€Å"But,† he took a deep breath. After what you’ve just said†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† â€Å"Yes?† â€Å"I want you to come with me!† How to cite The ring of the phone made my head pound, Papers

Business Plan Business Economic Value

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Business Plan of Business Economic Value. Answer: Part A: 1. The effect of high economic value of the Australian Dollar in terms of the exchange rate on business plan. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Australias GDP growth over the 12 months to October 2015 was just 2.50%. Inflation is just 1.50% and our cash rate is at a historical low of 2.00%. With that, there has been an increasing demand for the Aussie dollar over the past year and a half with more foreign investors feeling the need to keep their money here. Thus, the value of the dollar is falling. A falling Australian dollar can have negative impacts on certain consumers and businesses in Australia. As mentioned above, overseas goods become more expensive to buy, so Australian businesses and consumers needing to pay for international products/services will be hurt. Also, Australians making trips overseas will have less spending capacity for their dollar (Bryman and Bell, 2015, p.12). Australia stands out in getting the currency boost it needs at a time when economies the world over are grappling with exchange rates considered undesirable. The Aussie is in line with economic fundamentals, after being 25 per cent or more overvalued in 2013. China is struggling to curb yuan declines and Saudi Arabia is burning through reserves to maintain its peg to a strengthening greenback. Policymakers in Europe and Japan have pushed interest rates below zero, risking accusations of competitive devaluations (Wild et al. 2014, p.34). Accordingly the Business plan prepared for G V farms Pty Ltd ,located at 25 Channel road, Shepparton East has been made. It will be a project build around businessman and development of skilled staff in hydroponics. To carry out intensive and high turnover production off a small area the company must be able to supply produce all year round. The produce will be healthy free from pests and diseases. Expected outcome from business is expected between $140,000 to $150,000 within a year. Adjoining with glasshouse a retail shop would be managed in this time span to maintain high quality, efficient food technology and production. G V Farm will concentrate on wholesale live vegetable markets that sell hydroponic produce, fresh farmers' markets and local customers in the following 6 months. In the next 6 months it should enhance their premium services and products to the customers (Smh.com.au, 2016). Effect of exorbitant labour costs on the business plan. Industrial relations is the management of work-related obligations and entitlements between employers and their employees. On 1 January 2010, Queensland's Industrial relations for the private sector moved from a state system to a national system, legislated through the Fair Work Act 2009 ( Chwolka and Raith, 2012, p.385). The Industrial Relations Act is an act to provide for the regulation of the relations of employers and employees and the prevention and settlement of trade disputes by collective bargaining, conciliation, arbitration and tripartite mediation of individual disputes. Labour costs in Australia have grown at twice the pace of other OECD countries over the past decade, adding weight to claims by Holden boss Mike Devereux that Australian wages are out of line with the rest of the world. But the OECD figures show that the difference in growth in labour costs between Australia and its peers is less significant than the dramatic rise in the dollars value over the same period (Massa and Tucci, 2013, p.420). An effective exchange rate (EER) provides a better indicator of the macroeconomic effects of exchange rates than any single bilateral rate. A nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) is an index of some weighted average of bilateral exchange rates. A real effective exchange rate (REER) is the NEER adjusted by some measure of relative prices or costs; changes in the REER thus take into account both nominal exchange rate developments and the inflation differential vis--vis trading partners (Rideout and Gray, 2013, p.329). In both policy and market analysis, EERs serve various purposes: as a measure of international competitiveness, as components of monetary/financial conditions indices, as a gauge of the transmission of external shocks, as an intermediate target for monetary policy or as an operational target.Therefore, accurate measures of EERs are essential for both market policy and business plan of the G V farms Pty Ltd. Part B: Cash Flow: Expected cash flow Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total (All in $) Op. balance 0 1660 1694 1728 1762 1796 1830 1864 1898 1932 1969 2000 20133 Cash inflow Credit sales 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 633 7603 Debtor receipts 30 70 50 40 80 75 75 86 86 99 120 140 951 TOTAL CASH INFLOW (a) 8554 Cash outflow Purchase 100 120 130 140 150 180 200 210 250 290 300 320 2390 Accountant fees 50 20 10 15 30 40 52 23 40 77 30 60 447 Marketing advertising 20 52 55 40 74 33 30 65 60 30 45 45 549 Superannuation cost 15 50 60 88 46 79 80 53 70 63 78 20 702 Labor charges 69 75 95 30 54 30 78 90 61 90 90 100 762 Plant machinery charges 30 50 55 80 75 96 20 69 75 41 75 20 686 Cost of production 50 88 95 67 71 74 23 75 40 75 87 89 834 Export import cost 91 20 41 75 56 83 52 20 86 25 50 53 652 TOTAL CASH OUTFLOW (b) 6520 NET CASH FLOW (a-b) 2034 Closing balance 1660 1694 1728 1762 1796 1830 1864 1898 1932 1966 2000 2034 Table 1: Cash Flow for 2016-17 (Source: developed) Cash flow after changing the values: Expected cash flow Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Total (All in $) Op. balance 0 180 202 224 246 268 290 312 334 356 378 400 3190 Cash inflow Credit sales 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 8280 Debtor receipts 30 70 50 40 80 75 75 86 86 99 120 140 951 TOTAL CASH INFLOW (a) 9231 Cash outflow Purchase 100 120 130 140 150 180 200 210 250 290 300 320 2390 Accountant fees 50 20 10 15 30 40 52 23 40 77 30 60 447 Marketing advertising 20 52 55 40 74 33 30 65 60 30 45 45 549 Superannuation cost 39 132 158 231 121 208 210 139 184 166 205 53 1846 Labor charges 124 135 171 54 97 54 140 162 110 162 162 180 762 Plant machinery charges 30 50 55 80 75 96 20 69 75 41 75 20 1551 Cost of production 56 99 106 75 80 84 26 84 45 84 98 100 937 Export import cost 46 10 20 38 28 42 26 10 43 12.5 25 26.5 327 TOTAL CASH OUTFLOW (b) 8809 NET CASH FLOW (a-b) 422 Closing balance 180 202 224 246 268 290 312 334 356 378 400 422 Table 2: Revised Cash flow for 2016-17 (Source: self-developed) Strategic Assessment: A: Financial, production and scheduling: Strategic Assessments has surfaced as an increasingly common approach to analyzing and understanding the best financial or strategic alternative. Strategic assessments use facts and data (both quantitative and qualitative) to develop and then build support for the plan. As companies become more distressed, their future becomes more uncertain, which ultimately impacts various stakeholders, including shareholders, banks, management, employees, suppliers, customers, etc. The strategic assessment is a living document that is current and relevant. Information collection and analysis in support of the assessment must be ongoing and include problem profiles, trends and developments (Lussier and Corman, 2015, p.22). Opportunities for public consultation should also be considered. A range of staff and partners should be involved in the production of the strategic assessment. Their knowledge and expertise will improve recommendations, and lead to better decision making. B: Marketing and human: Strategic assessment in marketing means the SWOT analysis which is a straightforward model that analyzes an organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to create the foundation of a marketing strategy. To do so, it takes into account what an organization can and cannot do as well as any potential favorable or unfavorable conditions related to the companys products or services. In case of Human resource (HR) management practices are essential for retaining effective professionals in hospitals. Given the recruitment and retention reality of health workers in the twenty-first century, the role of HR managers in hospitals and those who combine the role of HR managers with other responsibilities should not be underestimated (Schutz et al. 2013, p.89). The objective of this study is to assess the perception of HR managers about the challenges they face and the current strategies being adopted. The study also aims at assessing enabling factors including role, education, experience and HR training. C: Natural Resource aspects and likely future direction of the business: Natural resource management (NRM) is about managing the way in which people and natural landscapes interact. NRM brings together the planning, allocation, conservation and use of all natural resources (land use planning, water management, biodiversity conservation, agriculture, mining, tourism, fisheries, aquaculture and forestry). NRM recognises that people, their wellbeing and their livelihoods rely on the health and productivity of our landscapes; and it understands that community stewardship of our land, water, air and sea is critical to maintaining that health and productivity (Davidsson and Gordon, 2012, p.854). Achieving the plans Vision requires everyone involved in natural resource management across South Australia to work together to achieve the Goals. GOAL 1: People taking responsibility for natural resources and making informed decisions Individuals, communities, industry and all levels of government working together, able and willing to manage our natural resources. GOAL 2: Sustainable management and productive use of land, water, air and sea. We all use resources productively, respecting limits and balancing economic, social and environmental sustainability, for the long term. GOAL 3: Improved condition and resilience of natural systems We care for natural systems to ensure that they can sustain us in the long term. 5. Medium to long term goals, Risk and mitigation options: Business owners develop plans to reach their overall goals, and they usually find it useful to separate planning into phases. This allows you to track immediate improvements while evaluating progress toward eventual goals and targets (Evans, 2015, p.40). The different time frames of the planning process place the focus on time-sensitive aspects of the company's structure and environment. You can differentiate planning based on the time frames of the inputs and expected outcomes. Short-term planning looks at the characteristics of the company in the present and develops strategies for improving them. Examples are the skills of the employees and their attitudes. The condition of production equipment or product quality problems are also short-term concerns. To address these issues, you put in place short-term solutions to address problems. Employee training courses, equipment servicing and quality fixes are short-term solutions. These solutions set the stage for addressing problems more comprehensively in the longer term. Medium-term planning applies more permanent solutions to short-term problems. If training courses for employees solved problems in the short term, companies schedule training programs for the medium term. If there are quality issues, the medium-term response is to revise and strengthen the company's quality control program (Davidsson and Gordon, 2012, p.854).. Where a short-term response to equipment failure is to repair the machine, a medium-term solution is to arrange for a service contract. Medium-term planning implements policies and procedures to ensure that short-term problems don't recur. In the long term, companies want to solve problems permanently and to reach their overall targets. Long-term planning reacts to the competitive situation of the company in its social, economic and political environment and develops strategies for adapting and influencing its position to achieve long-term goals. It examines major capital expenditures such as purchasing equipment and facilities, and implements policies and procedures that shape the company's profile to match top management's ideas (Schutz et al. 2013, p.89). When short-term and medium-term planning is successful, long-term planning builds on those achievements to preserve accomplishments and ensure continued progress. 6.Business Model oppourtunities: A:Productivity enhancement: Good management practices can enhance and help maintain employee productivity.If plans are thoughtfully executed with those concepts in mind, the business is on the right track. A good manager will find ways to carefully observe the work environment in search of problem areas that adversely affect employee motivation (Kautonen et al. 2015, p.665). Typical motivation killers include toxic people, abrasive personalities, lack of organizational vision, absence of opportunities for professional development, poor communication systems, autocratic management styles, and the feeling of lack of appreciation. Addressing each of these requires a variety of approaches but there are ways to kill these motivation-killers.One effective way of motivating employees is through the use of gamification techniques. Tasks like completing reports or contributing ideas for projects and policy changes can be gamified to make them more appealing, exciting, or interesting. B:Sustainability and management potential of the business: To some, sustainable development and environmental stewardship are synonymous. In the short term, sound environmental performance is probably a reasonable objective for most businesses, with sustainable development as a longer term goal. However, this can lead to confusion. In the developed world, the focus is on environmental management, while in developing countries, rapid and sustainable development is paramount. The role of business in contributing to sustainable development remains indefinite. While all business enterprises can make a contribution towards its attainment, the ability to make a difference varies by sector and organization size (Industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au, 2016). C: Next-step options: The relevance of strategic plan recommendations, usefulness of proposed initiatives, and progress toward the achievement of operational objectives will be reviewed annually. Such personal commitment will facilitate the implementation process. It is important to explain the principles and goals of strategic planning to everyone in the organization. One needs to assure each person that although he or she may not be on the committee, everyone can have input and evaluate their commendations (Evans, 2015, p.34). Reference: Books Bryman, A. and Bell, E., (2015). Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Evans, V., (2015). The FT Essential Guide to Writing a Business Plan: How to win backing to start up or grow your business. New York: Pearson Higher Ed. Wild, J., Wild, K.L. and Han, J.C., (2014). International business. New York: Pearson Education Limited. Journals Chwolka, A. and Raith, M.G., 2012. The value of business planning before start-upA decision-theoretical perspective. Journal of Business Venturing,27(3), pp.385-399. Davidsson, P. and Gordon, S.R., 2012. Panel studies of new venture creation: A methods-focused review and suggestions for future research.Small Business Economics, 39(4), pp.853-876. Kautonen, T., Gelderen, M. and Fink, M., 2015. Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(3), pp.655-674. Lussier, R.N. and Corman, J., 2015. A business success versus failure prediction model for entrepreneurs with 0-10 employees. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 7(1), pp.21-36. Massa, L. and Tucci, C.L., 2013. Business model innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Innovafion Management, pp.420-441. Rideout, E.C. and Gray, D.O., 2013. Does entrepreneurship education really work? A review and methodological critique of the empirical literature on the effects of university based entrepreneurship education. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), pp.329-351. Schutz, J., Rezg, N. and Lger, J.B., 2013. An integrated strategy for efficient business plan and maintenance plan for systems with a dynamic failure distribution. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 24(1), pp.87-97. Website: Industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au. (2016). Legislation. [online] Available at: https://www.industrialrelations.nsw.gov.au/oirwww/About_NSW_IR/Legislation.page [Accessed 11 Jul. 2016]. The Sydney Morning Herald. (2016). How Australia has come out on top in this currency war. [online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/markets/currencies/how-australia-has-come-out-on-top-in-this-currency-war-20160131-gmida4.html [Accessed 11 Jul. 2016].

Love Versus Hate Essays - Characters In Romeo And Juliet

Love Versus Hate William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet and Arthur Laurent's West Side Story are very similar in comparison. The characters in both these tragic stories are almost symmetric in what kind of role they play and how they interact. Even the plot is generally the same except for the changes made due to the setting. Because of my fascination of middle age Europe, I enjoyed Romeo and Juliet more. Romeo and Juliet is a story of star-crossed lovers whose tragic end show their families the extent of damage that hate can do. They setting of this play is 14th century Verona, Italy. Two wealthy families, Montague and Capulet, have a growing hate for each other. Romeo and Juliet, two young teenagers, one from each family, fall in love and have to face the oppression of their feuding families. They eventually kill themselves at the end of the story, and their families realize what horrible happenings their ill will can lead to. These plot events and conclusion show how love can overcome hate at the expense of another. Friar Lawrence put it best by saying, These violent delights have violent ends. West Side Story is also a story of two lovers and how hatred and racism can hurt others. It takes place in the 1950's on the West Side of New York. An American gang, the Jets, and a Puerto Rican gang, the Sharks, are fighting because of racism and territory. Tony and Maria, who are from opposite sides of this conflict, fall in love and attempt to make the gangs realize that they should not fight over racism or territory that they claim. Tony is shot by a Shark in a bias rage at this stories tragic finish. Maria, noticing why this happened, calls out, We all killed him...I can kill now because I hate now. This shows how the dislike, racism, and hatred of the two gangs lead to event of Tony's death, and others. Romeo and Juliet and West Side Story both emphasize what conflicts and fighting can lead to. Romeo and Juliet is the better book because of it's interesting setting and ability to relate with a common teenager's life. For these reasons, everyone should, at one point in their early teenage years, read the story of Juliet and her Romeo.

Adverb (Adverbial) Clause Definition and Examples

Adverb (Adverbial) Clause Definition and Examples In English grammar, an adverb clause is a  dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence to indicate time, place, condition, contrast, concession, reason, purpose, or result. Also known as an  adverbial clause. An adverb clause begins with a subordinating conjunction (such as if, when, because, or although) and usually includes a subject and a predicate. Writing With Adverb Clauses Building Sentences With Adverb ClausesPractice in Arranging and Punctuating Adverb ClausesPractice in Building and Combining Sentences with Adverb Clauses Examples and Observations The name adverbial suggests that adverbial clauses modify verbs; but they modify whole clauses, as shown by the examples [below]. Their other key property is that they are adjuncts, since they are typically optional constituents in sentences. They are traditionally classified according to their meaning, for example adverbial clauses of reason, time, concession, manner or condition, as illustrated below.(a) ReasonBecause Marianne loved Willoughby, she refused to believe that he had deserted her.(b) TimeWhen Fanny returned, she found Tom Bertram very ill.(c) ConcessionAlthough Mr DArcy disliked Mrs Bennet he married Elizabeth.(d) MannerHenry changed his plans as the mood took him.(e) ConditionIf Emma had left Hartfield, Mr Woodhouse would have been unhappy.(Jim Miller, An Introduction to English Syntax. Edinburgh University Press, 2002)This is the West, sir. When the legend becomes fact, print the legend.(newspaper editor to Senator Ransom Stoddart in The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, 1962) All human beings should try to learn before they die what they are running from, and to, and why.(attributed to James Thurber)If Wilbur is killed and his trough stands empty day after day, youll grow so thin we can look right through your stomach and see objects on the other side.(E.B. White, Charlottes Web. Harper Row, 1952)Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it.(Helen Keller, Optimism: An Essay, 1903)The greatest thrill in the world is to end the game with a home run and watch everybody else walk off the field while youre running the bases on air.(Al Rosen, third-baseman for the Cleveland Indians, 1947-1956)Again at eight o’clock, when the dark lanes of the Forties were five deep with throbbing taxi cabs, bound for the theatre district, I felt a sinking in my heart. Forms leaned together in the taxis as they waited, and voices sang, and there was laughter from unheard jokes, and lighted cigarettes outlined unintelligible gestures in side.(F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby, 1925) The swift December dusk had come tumbling clownishly after its dull day, and, as he stared through the dull square of the window of the schoolroom, he felt his belly crave for its food.(James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, 1916)Though we thumped, wept, and chanted We want Ted for minutes after he hid in the dugout, he did not come back.(John Updike, Hub Fans Bid Kid Adieu, 1960)As I ate the oysters with their strong taste of the sea and their faint metallic taste that the cold white wine washed away, leaving only the sea taste and the succulent texture, and as I drank their cold liquid from each shell and washed it down with the crisp taste of the wine, I lost the empty feeling and began to be happy and to make plans.(Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast, 1964)When I was coming up, I practiced all the time because I thought if I didnt I couldnt do my best.(Attributed to Herbie Hancock)And when the broken hearted peopleLiving in the world agree,There will be an answer, let it be.For though they may be parted there isStill a chance that they will seeThere will be an answer, let it be.(John Lennon and Paul McCartney, Let It Be) According to legend, when Lady Godiva pleaded with her husband, the Earl of Mercia, to cancel a burdensome tax he had levied against his subjects, he agreed to do so only if she rode naked through the city.(Jim Hargan, The City of Lady Godiva. British Heritage, January 2001)Experience is what you get when you didnt get what you wanted.(Randy Pausch, The Last Lecture, 2008) The Lighter Side of Adverbial Clauses I drank some boiling water because I wanted to whistle. (Mitch Hedberg)I generally avoid temptation unless I cant resist it. (Mae West, My Little Chickadee, 1940)If I ever opened a trampoline store, I dont think Id call it Trampo-Land, because you might think it was a store for tramps, which is not the impression we are trying to convey with our store. (Jack Handey, Deep Thoughts, 1992)

Ethnic Difference in Quality of Life in Adolescent Essay

Ethnic Difference in Quality of Life in Adolescent - Essay Example It is the assessment of physical, mental and social well-being and for informed healthcare decision making (Wee, 2007). Singapore is a multi-ethnic city-state, with a resident population of 3.26 million persons in 2000 of which 76.8% are Chinese, 13.9% Malays and 7.9% Indians (Leow, 2001). Singapore is wholly urban, and has undergone rapid economic and demographic transitions over the last 40 years, from a poor country with a high fertility rate, to a rich one with one of the lowest fertility rates in Asia and a rapidly aging population. This paper describes self-rated health in Singapore, and examines the socio-economic factors and health behaviors associated with poor health ratings. It concludes by discussing the public health implications of the findings. In this article, focus is on transitions during adolescent where individuals are more of experimental nature and want to try new stuffs which encompass risk and addiction behaviors such as consumption of tobacco, alcohol use along with various conditions of violence, accidental injury and suicide. The article is based on the questionnaire which focuses on health-related quality of life in adolescents. The QOL is same what so ever cultural values are present. There are various factors governing the influence of ethnicity on health and health related quality of life, this encompass biological, demographic, psycho-social, behavioral and environmental factors. The article emphasizes that to observe ethnic differences, cultural differences would be excluded and socio-economic and health status is considered. The article has taken cross- national differences in adolescent QOL. Method Random selection of 1397 early and mid-adolescents of the age group 10- 15 years was made in two stages from 40 schools. The first stage encompassed random selection of schools out of 341 schools (primary, government, primary government aided, secondary government, secondary government aided, secondary school independent and full primary and secondary schools). The study made in the article is base on the questionnaire from Japanese researcher but a few (39) questions were eliminated with a thought that they were beyond the understanding of the participants. These were related with sexual subjects, work, mobility and personal beliefs. This is controversial with the assumptions that authors have made about the adolescents in introduction part stating that children over 9-10 years age are able to report on subjective concepts such as behavior or self-esteem (Landgraf, 1996, Stone, 1990). The article has incorporated some additional questions based on school life and peer relationships. The QOLQA then comprised of 70 items and pre-tested on 77 subjects. The questionnaire was translated in the Chinese which was not required as the ethnic differences were observed in Singapore where the primary language of instruction is English. This was not required, moreover 70 items in the questionnaire was divided into five domains, physical (8 items) encompassing pain, discomfort, energy and fatigue, sleep and rest; psychological (33 items) encompassing positive feelings, self esteem, body image and appearance, negative feelings; independence (6 items): activities of daily living,

Transfer to UIUC from a community college for international business Essay

Transfer to UIUC from a community college for international business major - Essay Example I got to meet students from different backgrounds and gained a lot through my interactions with them. At the summer camp, we all got together to club in our strengths and expertise in various fields to develop a marketing plan for a pizza fundraiser. We worked very hard; from designing flyers and posters to creating the hype to bringing in the crowds. We won. That little exercise taught me the rudiments of marketing and communication. I got more and more fascinated with further developing these skills and employing them in pursuing something I KNOW I was born for! I got my taste of leadership during my time as Secretary of Phi Theta Kappa Honor Society at my community college. Interaction with students from across the globe narrowed my choice further down to International Business, a coming together of cultures and practices for mutual benefit.I would love to share my culture and heritage with others at the same time learning from them. I believe we can take business out of geographical confines, a point that has been proved time and again, hence my application for admission at UIUC. I believe that it’ll help me kick-start my career and equip me with all the necessary tools I need to excel. Now when I look back, I finally understand what years ago my mom told me about business: it is not just about money and trade. It includes the art of communication, diligence, creativity, comprehensive understanding, social networking and generously repaying society.  And what better place to start than

Pestle analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pestle analysis - Coursework Example Pestle analysis Political factors compose the stability of political environment and policies of political parties and movements in the in the area of business operation. Political factors can interfere with aspects that directly affect business. For example, they can influence tax policies or government’s engagement in trading agreements. A firm should examine the political factors in order to identify opportunities and risks in a particular market posed by the political factors. Forecasting and planning can always be modified with comprehensive knowledge of these factors. Economic factors include economic growth rates, employment levels, unemployment, costs of raw materials such as petrol and steel, interest rates and monetary policies, inflation rates and exchange rates. These factors directly affect business. Despite varying from one country to another, these factors are highly susceptible to change. For example, the economy undergoes a series of fluctuations that are linked to booms and slumps in economic activity. During boom, almost all firms gain while most firms lose out during slump. A comprehensive study on economic factors can enable a business to gain insight on the risks involved in particular market and decide whether to take the risks and expand to the region. For example, a proper examination would reveal whether economic conditions are right or not. If they are right, the risk involved will subsequently be low, and the firm may incorporate these favorable in its forecasting and planning.

The Life of William Carey

The Life of William Carey Introduction – brief life history This essay aims to explore and discuss the life of the renowned theologian and religious missionary William Carey. Carey is one of the most important missionary figures of the 18th and 19th century thanks to his work in areas such as India. The aim of the essay it briefly outline Carey’s life, and to look at the theological marks he made. There will be an emphasis on the gifts and fruit of the Holy Spirit that Carey received in his life, as well as the positive and negative lessons he learned throughout his mission. This will be concluded by looking at how these factors can influence our life and ministry today. Firstly, there will be a brief outline of Carey’s life. Carey was born in 1761 in Paulersbury, Northamptonshire on the 7th of August. This boy grey up to be known as the father of modern missions, and devoted his entire life to the service of God.[1] During this early life Carey earned a living as a cobbler, but was eventually converted at the age of 18 due to his love of the New Testament. Carey was eventually ordained in 1787 and was renowned for his linguistic talents – he was able to speak French, Hebrew, Italian and Dutch. Soon Carey realized his desire to become a missionary and teach the gospel to the ‘heathen’ in other countries. With his wife Dorothy Plackett whom he married in 1781 and his four children, Carey set sail for India in 1793. Carey’s early years in India were extremely tough, particularly after he was left by his associate John Thomas. Carey was in a society and culture he didn’t know, moving about from place to place. His family became ill and eventually one of his children died. Despite this, his aim in India was to preach his ‘Deathless Sermon’ as outlined in his 1792 book ‘The Enquiry’. Although times continued to be extremely hard for Carey in this harsh environment, he achieved much during his forty years in India. He is praised for his translations of the Bible and other scriptures into languages such as Bengali and Sanskrit, amongst forty other languages. His translations have helped Christianity to spread into far-reaching areas across the world.[2] Carey’s missionary work was based on his book ‘The Enquiry’, but also left a lasting impression the form of the gifts and fruits of the Holy Spirit, as well as the lessons he learned in his forty years in India. The rest of this essay will look at these issues, to help try and understand what Carey’s work has brought to Christian life and ministry in the modern world. Gifts of the Holy Spirit in his life As Carey himself pointed out, the gifts of the Holy Spirit given to a person must not be used to ‘magnify’ the one you has them, but to glorify Jesus and put forth his message within the world. As supposed ‘gifts’ from the Holy Spirit, William Carey was blessed with an astounding aptitude for languages. This was his primary gift of the Holy Spirit that allowed him to fulfill his calling as a missionary.[3] This gift is often known as the ‘gift of tongues’, and allowed Carey to translate the Bible into a huge variety of languages, reaching an audience that had never previously had the opportunity to fully understand the Bible. [4] It was in 1799 that this gift came to the fore, when Carey was invited to locate to a Danish settlement near Calcutta. He was legally allowed to preach here and in the British-controlled areas of India, making his work legal for the first time. It was during this time that Carey converted his first Indians, baptizing Krishna Pal in 1800, as well as publishing his Bengali New Testament. Not only did this signify the beginning of the massive translation of the Bible into many languages, but also laid the basis for the Bengali language which had previously been seen as somewhat of an unsettled language. Another of his gifts was the ability to preach the mission within India, and therefore bring about social reform, which will be mentioned more in the fruits of the Holy Spirit section. Carey’s gift of preaching came from his book ‘The Enquiry’, which allowed him to bring sinners towards Christ and identify with non-believers so that they may be converted to the mission.[5] Although much of this language used such as ‘heathens’ may seem politically incorrect now, during these times Carey was helping to change and expand the Christian world like almost no-one else had for hundreds of years. Carey was obsessed with reaching out to those who seemed unreachable, and his sermons reflected this. His book is a hugely valuable tool and is still used by many missionaries today to guide their work in foreign lands. His ability to support himself through the toughest of times and to contextualize himself to alien situations meant that Carey was able to spread the word of God everywhere to all people, using his gift of tongues to further understanding.[6] Carey was also adamant that training locals to help teach the Gospel and setting up schools was vital to help educate and promote his missionary work throughout India and other lands. Once the locals could teach other locals and all could read for themselves, the task of conversion and salvation would be made all the more easy. These are the gifts that Carey used to become a renowned missionary. The next section will look at how these gifts produced the fruits of the Holy Spirit that would carry his work forward. Fruit of the Holy Spirit in his life Carey’s gifts of the Holy Spirit brought about fruitful results, often referred to as the ‘Fruits of the Holy Spirit’. Of course, one of the greatest fruits of Carey’s gifts is the creation of his book ‘The Enquiry’. Also, his translation of the Bible into over forty languages is one of the greatest triumphs and achievements of any missionary throughout Christian history. It is only through his passion for theology and his gift of tongues that Carey was able to complete this. However, the fruits of the Holy Spirit in Carey’s life went beyond the published works he created and translation to move towards social reform within India. He could not have achieved such rates of conversion hundreds of millions in India – unless he had put in place a social and educational network to be able to sustain and support the conversion. His plans were extremely well thought out, and he works on his missiology well before he even came to India. It is this planned infrastructure that was one of the biggest successes of his missionary work. Not only this, but Carey, helped to rid India of a number of barbaric practices including child marriage, and re-established order in the country. When he arrived three fifths of India was wild jungle, and massive financial problems. Carey brought good to the misfortunate in India, and struggled against the hatred of women and child marriage. His efforts paid off and the teachings he passed on meant that many of these practices were outlawed over the next 100 years. He helped to prevent human sacrifices and helped many children, orphans and widows to create new and fulfilling lives.[7] Carey’s fruits of the Holy Spirit were also in a literal form, as he had a great interest in botany and plant cultivation. He helped to found the Agri-Horticultural Society of India in the 1820’s, and wrote many of the earliest essays on forest management and plant conservation. Carey also helped to introduce cultivation of coffee and gave prizes for the best cultivators and growers. He introduced European fruits to the region, and created better conditions and methods for growing indigenous fruits. His own garden was renowned for its beauty and quality, and sometimes he even neglected spending time with his children in favour of tending his wonderful garden, such was his passion for the subject.[8] After all these great gifts and the fruits of his labour, William Carey learned much about life, both in a positive and negative sense. The next section will look at the lessons he learned throughout his life. Positive and Negative lessons learned in his life Although Carey was praised for his missionary work, he clearly learned that the price to pay for this was a lack of time and commitment for his wife and children. Many people commented that his children seemed highly neglected, and were wild and undisciplined. His family accompanied him during these harsh times, and this eventually led to the death of his son Peter through ill health. His wife became insane after this and even tried to kill him, and it was somewhat of a relief when she eventually passed.[9] Carey also had great troubles with communication, and despite being poor was seen by the Missionary Society as being money hungry. Therefore, his relations with them diminished. Carey also learnt that not every missionary is a good one, after his abandonment by Thomas. Thomas was a suspect character but Carey had no choice but to trust him. However, he eventually took off with the money given to them for missionary work, leaving Carey in a horrible situation that would take him many years to financially recover from. Despite this, Carey learnt that the best way to live his life and be successful in his mission was to never stop evangelizing. He never lost sight of his target to win souls and convert people, which he did with remarkable success. Also, Carey learned that he must trust in God fully in all situations, and this was evident during the hard times after Thomas’ abandonment and the eventual death of his son and insanity of his wife. Carey trusted in God to see him thro ugh this period, and eventually things did get better for him. The most positive message of Carey’s life is to trust in God and also to continually read the scripture to gain knowledge. Carey always continued to study and learn throughout his life, which helped in his quest to encourage others to do the same. The last section of this essay will examine how his achievements can be used in mission work today. Conclusion Application of his life, gifts and lessons learned to our life and ministry Carey came from an unremarkable and humble background, but he became a remarkable man. His gift of tongues meant that he produced some of the most significant and widespread translations of the Bible ever seen, as well as helping to formalize the language of Bengali in India. This gift combined with his scholarly works and absolute devotion to God meant that he was hugely productive in converting souls and changing attitudes and laws in India during his 40 years there. Carey can be particularly praised for his commitment to literacy and education, which should be at the forefront of any modern mission in the developing world. By creating schools and improving literacy Carey not only provided a better future for many people in India, but he also made it easier to put his message across by allowing people to read his translated Bible works.[10] His other works on cultivation and agriculture are also significant, not to mention the fact he introduced the steam engine to India as well as other new technologies of the time. Carey was all-round innovator who was devoted to his work, which is certainly a lesson that the modern mission should take to heart. As put by J.D. Freeman, the church: †¦Owes more to William Carey and his mission than to any other man or movement since the days of Paul. He gave her a new horizon, kindled within her a new life and soul. Upon the trellis of the Mission Enterprise, the Churchs vine has run over the wall. It has given her a southern exposure, through which she has felt at her heart the thrill of a new vitality, while bearing on her outmost branches a burden of precious fruit for the vintage of the skies.[11] Overall, the main message to take from William Carey’s life is that the modern mission should be prepared for hard times, but should not waver from its mission. The importance of education and understanding the issues within the foreign environment are crucial, as are an unwavering devotion to God and scripture. Whilst not everyone will have the linguistic or scholarly gifts of Carey, devotion and the desire to reach out to the troubled and poor in other countries through education and understanding is crucial to successful Christian missionary work in the modern world. Bibliography Alban, D, Woods, R H and Daigle-Williamson, M (2005) The Writings of William Carey: Journalism as Mission in a Modern Age. Mission Studies, 22(1), pp. 85-113. Baxter, J (2003) Gifts of the Spirit, Kregel Publications. Carey, E and Chaplin, J (1837) Memoir of William Carey, D, D.: Late Missionary to Bengal, Professor of Oriental Languages in the College of Fort William, Calcultta, Canfield and Robins, 1837, digitized 11 Jun 2007. Carey, W (2004) An Enquiry Into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathens, Kessinger Publishing. Farwell, M E (1888) The Life of William Carey, Chicago: Womens Presbyterian Board of Missions of the Northwest. Harrison, E M (1954) Giants of the Missionary Trail William Carey: The Cobbler Who Turned Discoverer, Fairfax Baptist Temple. Excerpts available at: http://www.wholesomewords.org/missions/giants/biocarey2.html McDannell, K (2007) Faithful Witness: The Life and Mission of William Carey. Available at: http://mcdanell99reviews.blogspot.com/2007/11/faithful-witness-life-and-mission-of.html Parker, A K (1914) A Conversation That Might Have Occurred between Dr. William Carey and the Rev. Adoniram Judson, Serampore, India, September, 1812. The Biblical World, 43(5), pp. 305-30. Roques, M (2007) William Carey. Available at: http://www.reformational.org.uk/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=90Itemid=35 Smith, G (1922) The Life of William Carey, London: J.M Dent and Sons. 1 [1] Roques, M (2007) William Carey. Available at: http://www.reformational.org.uk/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=90Itemid=35 [2] McDannell, K (2007) Faithful Witness: The Life and Mission of William Carey. Available at: http://mcdanell99reviews.blogspot.com/2007/11/faithful-witness-life-and-mission-of.html [3] Baxter, J (2003) Gifts of the Spirit, Kregel Publications, pp. 76-77 [4] Smith, G (1922) The Life of William Carey, London: J.M Dent and Sons, chapter 1. [5] Carey, W (2004) An Enquiry Into the Obligations of Christians to Use Means for the Conversion of the Heathens, Kessinger Publishing. [6] McDannell, K (2007) Faithful Witness: The Life and Mission of William Carey. Available at: http://mcdanell99reviews.blogspot.com/2007/11/faithful-witness-life-and-mission-of.html [7] Roques, M (2007) William Carey. Available at: http://www.reformational.org.uk/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=90Itemid=35 [8] Farwell, M E (1888) The Life of William Carey, Chicago: Womens Presbyterian Board of Missions of the Northwest, pp. 58-61. [9] McDannell, K (2007) Faithful Witness: The Life and Mission of William Carey. Available at: http://mcdanell99reviews.blogspot.com/2007/11/faithful-witness-life-and-mission-of.html [10] Alban, D, Woods, R H and Daigle-Williamson, M (2005) The Writings of William Carey: Journalism as Mission in a Modern Age. Mission Studies, 22(1), pp. 108-112 [11] Harrison, E M (1954) Giants of the Missionary Trail William Carey: The Cobbler Who Turned Discoverer, Fairfax Baptist Temple. Excerpts available at: http://www.wholesomewords.org/missions/giants/biocarey2.html

Computer Crimes :: Identity Theft

Computer Crimes Computer Crimes are on the rise in the state of Oklahoma with three of the most common being identity theft, credit card fraud, and computer hacking. A confused caller was having troubles printing documents. He told the technician that the computer was saying that the computer ''could not find the printer.'' The user had even tried turning the computer screen to face the printer, but his computer still could not 'see' the printer. Identity Theft Instances of identity theft have increased as the willingness of lenders like issuers of credit cards to extend credit without physical human contact, the ability to transact sales and other business at a distance (online and via telephone), and the availability of personal information, and its volume held by third parties, has increased. Credit card scams are three most common identity theft case reported so protect sensitive information and when at the ATM cover your pin and if there is a line ask the person behind you to step back. When doing transactions on the internet verify that the site is secure and remember the name of the sites bank are what the name of the transaction will be called on the bank statement. If online banking is available from your bank check the account weekly, 70% of identity theft is detected by the victim and victims who do this through electronic monitoring suffer less than 1/8th that of the one who reply on paper. Identity theft is the number one computer crime in Oklahoma City. Their were over 6,000 complaints in the state of Oklahoma in 2005 and 484 in OKC alone, Edmond and Tulsa are not far behind with over 300 cases. Nationally Oklahoma is 28th in the country for identity theft case reported. A few techniques for obtaining identification that most identity thieves might include: Stealing mail, rummaging through rubbish (dumpster diving), stealing personal information in computer databases, and infiltration of organizations that store large amounts of personal information. Credit card fraud Do not give account information on a cell phone use a house phone if possible, and do not give your pin number over the phone if some one ask you for your pin(personal identification number) over the phone report that person immediately because they are jeopardizing your information and it could be a scam. Persons that commit credit card crime largely go unpunished and repeatedly victimize consumers and businesses.